Kisah Para Rasul 21:1-26
Konteks21:1 After 1 we 2 tore ourselves away 3 from them, we put out to sea, 4 and sailing a straight course, 5 we came to Cos, 6 on the next day to Rhodes, 7 and from there to Patara. 8 21:2 We found 9 a ship crossing over to Phoenicia, 10 went aboard, 11 and put out to sea. 12 21:3 After we sighted Cyprus 13 and left it behind on our port side, 14 we sailed on to Syria and put in 15 at Tyre, 16 because the ship was to unload its cargo there. 21:4 After we located 17 the disciples, we stayed there 18 seven days. They repeatedly told 19 Paul through the Spirit 20 not to set foot 21 in Jerusalem. 22 21:5 When 23 our time was over, 24 we left and went on our way. All of them, with their wives and children, accompanied 25 us outside of the city. After 26 kneeling down on the beach and praying, 27 21:6 we said farewell 28 to one another. 29 Then 30 we went aboard the ship, and they returned to their own homes. 31 21:7 We continued the voyage from Tyre 32 and arrived at Ptolemais, 33 and when we had greeted the brothers, we stayed with them for one day. 21:8 On the next day we left 34 and came to Caesarea, 35 and entered 36 the house of Philip the evangelist, who was one of the seven, 37 and stayed with him. 21:9 (He had four unmarried 38 daughters who prophesied.) 39
21:10 While we remained there for a number of days, 40 a prophet named Agabus 41 came down from Judea. 21:11 He came 42 to us, took 43 Paul’s belt, 44 tied 45 his own hands and feet with it, 46 and said, “The Holy Spirit says this: ‘This is the way the Jews in Jerusalem will tie up the man whose belt this is, and will hand him over 47 to the Gentiles.’” 21:12 When we heard this, both we and the local people 48 begged him not to go up to Jerusalem. 21:13 Then Paul replied, “What are you doing, weeping and breaking 49 my heart? For I am ready not only to be tied up, 50 but even to die in Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus.” 21:14 Because he could not be persuaded, 51 we said no more except, 52 “The Lord’s will be done.” 53
21:15 After these days we got ready 54 and started up 55 to Jerusalem. 21:16 Some of the disciples from Caesarea 56 came along with us too, and brought us to the house 57 of Mnason of Cyprus, a disciple from the earliest times, 58 with whom we were to stay. 21:17 When we arrived in Jerusalem, the brothers welcomed us gladly. 59 21:18 The next day Paul went in with us to see James, and all the elders were there. 60 21:19 When Paul 61 had greeted them, he began to explain 62 in detail 63 what God 64 had done among the Gentiles through his ministry. 21:20 When they heard this, they praised 65 God. Then they said to him, “You see, brother, how many thousands of Jews 66 there are who have believed, and they are all ardent observers 67 of the law. 68 21:21 They have been informed about you – that you teach all the Jews now living 69 among the Gentiles to abandon 70 Moses, telling them not to circumcise their children 71 or live 72 according to our customs. 21:22 What then should we do? They will no doubt 73 hear that you have come. 21:23 So do what 74 we tell you: We have four men 75 who have taken 76 a vow; 77 21:24 take them and purify 78 yourself along with them and pay their expenses, 79 so that they may have their heads shaved. 80 Then 81 everyone will know there is nothing in what they have been told 82 about you, but that you yourself live in conformity with 83 the law. 84 21:25 But regarding the Gentiles who have believed, we have written a letter, having decided 85 that they should avoid 86 meat that has been sacrificed to idols 87 and blood and what has been strangled 88 and sexual immorality.” 21:26 Then Paul took the men the next day, 89 and after he had purified himself 90 along with them, he went to the temple and gave notice 91 of the completion of the days of purification, 92 when 93 the sacrifice would be offered for each 94 of them.
[21:1] 1 tn Grk “It happened that when.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated. Since the action described by the participle ἀποσπασθέντας (apospasqenta", “tearing ourselves away”) is prior to the departure of the ship, it has been translated as antecedent action (“after”).
[21:1] 2 sn This marks the beginning of another “we” section in Acts. These have been traditionally understood to mean that Luke was in the company of Paul for this part of the journey.
[21:1] 3 tn BDAG 120 s.v. ἀποσπάω 2.b has “pass. in mid. sense ἀ. ἀπό τινος tear oneself away Ac 21:1”; LSJ 218 gives several illustrations of this verb meaning “to tear or drag away from.”
[21:1] 4 tn BDAG 62 s.v. ἀνάγω 4, “as a nautical t.t. (ἀ. τὴν ναῦν put a ship to sea), mid. or pass. ἀνάγεσθαι to begin to go by boat, put out to sea.”
[21:1] 5 tn BDAG 406 s.v. εὐθυδρομέω has “of a ship run a straight course”; L&N 54.3 has “to sail a straight course, sail straight to.”
[21:1] 6 sn Cos was an island in the Aegean Sea.
[21:1] 7 sn Rhodes was an island off the southwestern coast of Asia Minor.
[21:1] 8 sn Patara was a city in Lycia on the southwestern coast of Asia Minor. The entire journey was about 185 mi (295 km).
[21:2] 9 tn Grk “and finding.” The participle εὑρόντες (Jeuronte") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style. Because of the length of the Greek sentence, the conjunction καί (kai) has not been translated here. Instead a new English sentence is begun in the translation.
[21:2] 10 sn Phoenicia was the name of an area along the Mediterranean coast north of Palestine.
[21:2] 11 tn Grk “going aboard, we put out to sea.” The participle ἐπιβάντες (epibante") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
[21:2] 12 tn BDAG 62 s.v. ἀνάγω 4, “as a nautical t.t. (ἀ. τὴν ναῦν put a ship to sea), mid. or pass. ἀνάγεσθαι to begin to go by boat, put out to sea.”
[21:3] 13 sn Cyprus is a large island in the Mediterranean off the south coast of Asia Minor.
[21:3] 14 sn The expression left it behind on our port side here means “sailed past to the south of it” since the ship was sailing east.
[21:3] 15 tn BDAG 531 s.v. κατέρχομαι 2 states, “arrive, put in, nautical t.t. of ships and those who sail in them, who ‘come down’ fr. the ‘high seas’…ἔις τι at someth. a harbor 18:22; 21:3; 27:5.”
[21:3] 16 sn Tyre was a city and seaport on the coast of Phoenicia. From Patara to Tyre was about 400 mi (640 km). It required a large cargo ship over 100 ft (30 m) long, and was a four to five day voyage.
[21:3] map For location see Map1 A2; Map2 G2; Map4 A1; JP3 F3; JP4 F3.
[21:4] 17 tn BDAG 78 s.v. ἀνευρίσκω has “look/search for (w. finding presupposed) τινά…τοὺς μαθητάς Ac 21:4.” The English verb “locate,” when used in reference to persons, has the implication of both looking for and finding someone. The participle ἀνευρόντες (aneuronte") has been taken temporally.
[21:4] 18 tn BDAG 154 s.v. αὐτοῦ states, “deictic adv. designating a position relatively near or far…there…Ac 21:4.”
[21:4] 19 tn The imperfect verb ἔλεγον (elegon) has been taken iteratively.
[21:4] 20 sn Although they told this to Paul through the Spirit, it appears Paul had a choice here (see v. 14). Therefore this amounted to a warning: There was risk in going to Jerusalem, so he was urged not to go.
[21:4] 21 tn BDAG 367 s.v. ἐπιβαίνω places Ac 21:4 under 1, “go up/upon, mount, board…πλοίῳ…Ac 27:2…Abs. go on board, embark…21:1 D, 2. – So perh. also ἐ. εἰς ᾿Ιεροσόλυμα embark for Jerusalem (i.e. to the seaport of Caesarea) vs. 4.” BDAG notes, however, “But this pass. may also belong to 2. to move to an area and be there, set foot in.” Because the message from the disciples to Paul through the Holy Spirit has the character of a warning, the latter meaning has been adopted for this translation.
[21:4] 22 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[21:5] 23 tn Grk “It happened that when.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.
[21:5] 24 tn Grk “When our days were over.” L&N 67.71 has “ὅτε δὲ ἐγένετο ἡμᾶς ἐξαρτίσαι τὰς ἡμέρας ‘when we brought that time to an end’ or ‘when our time with them was over’ Ac 21:5.”
[21:5] 25 tn Grk “accompanying.” Due to the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was begun in the translation and the participle προπεμπόντων (propempontwn) translated as a finite verb.
[21:5] 26 tn Grk “city, and after.” Because of the length of the Greek sentence, the conjunction καί (kai) has not been translated here. Instead a new English sentence is begun.
[21:5] 27 sn On praying in Acts, see 1:14, 24; 2:47; 4:23; 6:6; 10:2; 12:5, 12; 13:3; 16:25.
[21:6] 28 tn BDAG 98 s.v. ἀπασπάζομαι has “take leave of, say farewell to τινά someone…ἀπησπασάμεθα ἀλλήλους we said farewell to one another Ac 21:6.”
[21:6] 29 sn These words are part of v. 5 in the standard critical Greek text.
[21:6] 30 tn Grk “and.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was begun in the translation, and καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the logical sequence.
[21:6] 31 tn Grk “to their own”; the word “homes” is implied.
[21:7] 32 sn Tyre was a city and seaport on the coast of Phoenicia.
[21:7] 33 sn Ptolemais was a seaport on the coast of Palestine about 30 mi (48 km) south of Tyre.
[21:8] 34 tn Grk “On the next day leaving, we came.” The participle ἐξελθόντες (exelqonte") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
[21:8] 35 sn Caesarea was a city on the coast of Palestine south of Mount Carmel (not Caesarea Philippi). See the note on Caesarea in Acts 10:1. This was another 40 mi (65 km).
[21:8] map For location see Map2 C1; Map4 B3; Map5 F2; Map7 A1; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[21:8] 36 tn Grk “and entering…we stayed.” The participle εἰσελθόντες (eiselqonte") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
[21:8] 37 sn Philip was one of the seven deacons appointed in the Jerusalem church (Acts 6:1-7).
[21:9] 38 tn Grk “virgin.” While the term παρθένος (parqeno") can refer to a woman who has never had sexual relations, the emphasis in this context seems to be on the fact that Philip’s daughters were not married (L&N 9.39).
[21:9] 39 sn This is best taken as a parenthetical note by the author. Luke again noted women who were gifted in the early church (see Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History 3.31; 3.39).
[21:10] 40 tn BDAG 848 s.v. πολύς 1.b.α has “ἐπὶ ἡμέρας πλείους for a (large) number of days, for many days…Ac 13:31. – 21:10…24:17; 25:14; 27:20.”
[21:10] 41 sn Agabus also appeared in Acts 11:28. He was from Jerusalem, so the two churches were still in contact with one another.
[21:11] 42 tn Grk “And coming.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here. The participle ἐλθών (elqwn) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
[21:11] 43 tn Grk “and taking.” This καί (kai) has not been translated since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more. The participle ἄρας (aras) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
[21:11] 44 sn The belt was a band or sash used to keep money as well as to gird up the tunic (BDAG 431 s.v. ζώνη).
[21:11] 45 tn The participle δήσας (dhsas) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
[21:11] 46 tn The words “with it” are not in the Greek text, but are implied.
[21:11] 47 tn Grk “and will deliver him over into the hands of” (a Semitic idiom).
[21:11] sn The Jews…will tie up…and will hand him over. As later events will show, the Jews in Jerusalem did not personally tie Paul up and hand him over to the Gentiles, but their reaction to him was the cause of his arrest (Acts 21:27-36).
[21:12] 48 tn Or “the people there.”
[21:13] 49 tn The term translated “breaking” as used by Josephus (Ant. 10.10.4 [10.207]) means to break something into pieces, but in its only NT use (it is a hapax legomenon) it is used figuratively (BDAG 972 s.v. συνθρύπτω).
[21:13] 50 tn L&N 18.13 has “to tie objects together – ‘to tie, to tie together, to tie up.’” The verb δέω (dew) is sometimes figurative for imprisonment (L&N 37.114), but it is preferable to translate it literally here in light of v. 11 where Agabus tied himself up with Paul’s belt.
[21:14] 51 tn The participle πειθομένου (peiqomenou) in this genitive absolute construction has been translated as a causal adverbial participle.
[21:14] 52 tn Grk “we became silent, saying.”
[21:14] 53 sn “The Lord’s will be done.” Since no one knew exactly what would happen, the matter was left in the Lord’s hands.
[21:15] 54 tn Or “we made preparations.”
[21:15] 55 tn Grk “were going up”; the imperfect verb ἀνεβαίνομεν (anebainomen) has been translated as an ingressive imperfect.
[21:15] sn In colloquial speech Jerusalem was always said to be “up” from any other location in Palestine. The group probably covered the 65 mi (105 km) in two days using horses. Their arrival in Jerusalem marked the end of Paul’s third missionary journey.
[21:16] 56 sn Caesarea was a city on the coast of Palestine south of Mount Carmel (not Caesarea Philippi). See the note on Caesarea in Acts 10:1.
[21:16] map For location see Map2 C1; Map4 B3; Map5 F2; Map7 A1; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[21:16] 57 tn Grk “to Mnason…”; the words “the house of” are not in the Greek text, but are implied by the verb ξενισθῶμεν (xenisqwmen).
[21:16] 58 tn Or perhaps, “Mnason of Cyprus, one of the original disciples.” BDAG 137 s.v. ἀρχαῖος 1 has “ἀ. μαθητής a disciple of long standing (perh. original disc.) Ac 21:16.”
[21:17] 59 tn Or “warmly” (see BDAG 144 s.v. ἀσμένως).
[21:18] 60 tn BDAG 760 s.v. παραγίνομαι 1 has this use under the broad category of meaning “draw near, come, arrive, be present.”
[21:18] sn All the elders were there. This meeting shows how the Jerusalem church still regarded Paul and his mission with favor, but also with some concerns because of the rumors circulating about his actions.
[21:19] 61 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[21:19] 62 tn Or “to report,” “to describe.” The imperfect verb ἐξηγεῖτο (exhgeito) has been translated as an ingressive imperfect.
[21:19] 63 tn BDAG 293 s.v. εἷς 5.e has “καθ᾿ ἕν one after the other (hence τὸ καθ᾿ ἕν ‘a detailed list’: PLille 11, 8 [III bc]; PTebt. 47, 34; 332, 16) J 21:25. Also καθ᾿ ἕν ἕκαστον…Ac 21:19.”
[21:19] 64 sn Note how Paul credited God with the success of his ministry.
[21:20] 66 tn Grk “how many thousands there are among the Jews.”
[21:20] sn How many thousands of Jews. See Acts 2-5 for the accounts of their conversion, esp. 2:41 and 4:4. Estimates of the total number of Jews living in Jerusalem at the time range from 20,000 to 50,000.
[21:20] 67 tn Or “are all zealous for the law.” BDAG 427 s.v. ζηλωτής 1.a.β has “of thing…τοῦ νόμου an ardent observer of the law Ac 21:20.”
[21:20] 68 sn That is, the law of Moses. These Jewish Christians had remained close to their Jewish practices after becoming believers (1 Cor 7:18-19; Acts 16:3).
[21:21] 69 tn BDAG 511 s.v. κατά B.1.a has “τοὺς κ. τὰ ἔθνη ᾿Ιουδαίους the Judeans (dispersed) throughout the nations 21:21.” The Jews in view are not those in Palestine, but those who are scattered throughout the Gentile world.
[21:21] 70 tn Or “to forsake,” “to rebel against.” BDAG 120 s.v. ἀποστασία has “ἀποστασίαν διδάσκεις ἀπὸ Μωϋσέως you teach (Judeans) to abandon Moses Ac 21:21.”
[21:21] sn The charge that Paul was teaching Jews in the Diaspora to abandon Moses was different from the issue faced in Acts 15, where the question was whether Gentiles needed to become like Jews first in order to become Christians. The issue also appears in Acts 24:5-6, 13-21; 25:8.
[21:21] 71 sn That is, not to circumcise their male children. Biblical references to circumcision always refer to male circumcision.
[21:22] 73 tn L&N 71.16 has “pertaining to being in every respect certain – ‘certainly, really, doubtless, no doubt.’…‘they will no doubt hear that you have come’ Ac 21:22.”
[21:23] 74 tn Grk “do this that.”
[21:23] 75 tn Grk “There are four men here.”
[21:23] 76 tn L&N 33.469 has “‘there are four men here who have taken a vow’ or ‘we have four men who…’ Ac 21:23.”
[21:23] 77 tn On the term for “vow,” see BDAG 416 s.v. εὐχή 2.
[21:24] 78 sn That is, undergo ritual cleansing. Paul’s cleansing would be necessary because of his travels in “unclean” Gentile territory. This act would represent a conciliatory gesture. Paul would have supported a “law-free” mission to the Gentiles as an option, but this gesture would represent an attempt to be sensitive to the Jews (1 Cor 9:15-22).
[21:24] 79 tn L&N 57.146 has “δαπάνησον ἐπ᾿ αὐτοῖς ‘pay their expenses’ Ac 21:24.”
[21:24] 80 tn The future middle indicative has causative force here. BDAG 686 s.v. ξυράω has “mid. have oneself shaved…τὴν κεφαλήν have one’s head shaved…Ac 21:24.”
[21:24] sn Having their heads shaved probably involved ending a voluntary Nazirite vow (Num 6:14-15).
[21:24] 81 tn Grk “and.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was begun in the translation, and καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the logical sequence.
[21:24] 82 tn The verb here describes a report or some type of information (BDAG 534 s.v. κατηχέω 1).
[21:24] 83 tn Grk “adhere to the keeping of the law.” L&N 41.12 has “στοιχέω: to live in conformity with some presumed standard or set of customs – ‘to live, to behave in accordance with.’”
[21:24] 84 sn The law refers to the law of Moses.
[21:25] 85 tn L&N 13.154 has “‘having decided that they must keep themselves from food offered to idols, from blood, from an animal that has been strangled, and from sexual immorality’ Ac 21:25.”
[21:25] sn Having decided refers here to the decision of the Jerusalem council (Acts 15:6-21). Mention of this previous decision reminds the reader that the issue here is somewhat different: It is not whether Gentiles must first become Jews before they can become Christians (as in Acts 15), but whether Jews who become Christians should retain their Jewish practices. Sensitivity to this issue would suggest that Jewish Christians and Gentile Christians might engage in different practices.
[21:25] 86 tn This is a different Greek word than the one used in Acts 15:20, 29. BDAG 1068 s.v. φυλάσσω 3 has “to be on one’s guard against, look out for, avoid…w. acc. of pers. or thing avoided…Ac 21:25.” The Greek word used in Acts 15:20, 29 is ἀπέχω (apecw). The difference in meaning, although slight, has been maintained in the translation.
[21:25] 87 tn There is no specific semantic component in the Greek word εἰδωλόθυτος that means “meat” (see BDAG 280 s.v. εἰδωλόθυτος; L&N 5.15). The stem –θυτος means “sacrifice” (referring to an animal sacrificially killed) and thereby implies meat.
[21:25] 88 sn What has been strangled. That is, to refrain from eating animals that had been killed without having the blood drained from them. According to the Mosaic law (Lev 17:13-14) Jews were forbidden to eat flesh with the blood still in it (note the preceding provision in this verse, and blood).
[21:26] 89 tn BDAG 422 s.v. ἔχω 11.b.β has “temporal, to be next, immediately following…τῇ ἐχομένῃ…on the next day Lk 13:33…Ac 20:15; w. ἡμέρᾳ added…21:26.”
[21:26] 90 tn That is, after he had undergone ritual cleansing. The aorist passive participle ἁγνισθείς (Jagnisqei") has been taken temporally of antecedent action.
[21:26] 91 tn Grk “entered the temple, giving notice.” The participle διαγγέλλων (diangellwn) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.
[21:26] 92 sn The days of purification refers to the days of ritual cleansing.
[21:26] 93 tn Grk “until” (BDAG 423 s.v. ἕως 1.b.β.א), but since in English it is somewhat awkward to say “the completion of the days of purification, until the sacrifice would be offered,” the temporal clause was translated “when the sacrifice would be offered.” The point is that the sacrifice would be offered when the days were completed. Paul honored the request of the Jewish Christian leadership completely. As the following verse makes clear, the vow was made for seven days.
